As temperatures begin to drop and frost in Canada is inevitable, it looms on the horizon no matter what province you live in. It is time for Small Farmers with gardens to take timely action to protect your plants from the cold.
Experts advise that preparing now can help shield gardens from the chill, especially in regions where frost is imminent.
The timing of frost varies depending on where you are in Canada. Of course, Northern regions typically experience frost well before the southern regions, while central areas often see their first freeze by mid October.
In the southern parts, frost generally arrives around late October. Gardeners in higher elevations should expect earlier frosts due to cooler temperatures in those areas.
Not all plants are equally vulnerable to the cold. Tropical plants are particularly sensitive and may suffer from "chill injury" even at temperatures above freezing.
These delicate species, often grown in containers, should be brought indoors well in advance of the first frost to prevent damage.
Most plants can withstand temperatures as low as -2°C (28°F) without sustaining major harm, though tropical varieties are an exception.
On the other hand, cool-season flowers and vegetables can tolerate much lower temperatures, provided they’ve gradually adapted to cooler weather.
When it comes to fall plant protection, the approach shifts compared to spring. In the autumn, gardeners are working to extend the growing season as long as possible, understanding that the end is near.
This contrasts with the spring season, where plant protection is seen as an investment in future growth.
The key to frost protection lies in preserving the warmth already stored in the soil or container. Insulating materials like floating row covers are recommended to help retain this heat.
While these covers only offer a small temperature boost, they are more effective in the fall since the ground still holds some warmth from the sun.
As the gardening season draws to a close, it’s important to embrace the natural cycle and prepare for winter.
By taking appropriate steps, Canadian gardeners can extend their growing season and enjoy their harvest a little longer.