Parsnips is a root vegetable that is closely related to carrot and parsley. It is a member of the Apiaceae family and is a biennial plant, meaning it will not bloom and mature until its second year of growth.
Parsnips can be left in the ground through the fall and winter and harvested when they are needed. Its long taproot is cream coloured and the flavour becomes sweet after winter frosts.
This vegetable is nutritious with a rich vitamin and mineral content. Parsnips are high in dietary fibre, and exceptionally high in potassium, with 600mg per 100g serving.
Parsnips are a versatile vegetable in the kitchen to fry, roast, bake, boil or chop for soups and stews.
Here are instructions on how to grow parsnips from seed.
Timing: Plant anytime from late March to mid-July in a deeply dug bed. It is recommended to direct sow as soon as the ground is workable in the spring. A longer season will result in a longer, thicker root.
Optimal soil temperature for germination is 10-25°C (50-75°F). At least 60% of seeds will germinate between 14-21 days.
Sowing: Similarly, to carrots, dig deeply to loosen soil prior to planting. Sow 5mm-1cm (¼ - ½ “) deep and 1-2cm (½ - 1”) apart. Thin seedlings to 7-10cm (3-4”) apart in rows 45-60cm (18-24”) apart.
For even longer parsnips, dig or form holes 60cm (24”) deep. Parsnips are better kept in well-drained soil.
Growing: Aim to provide parsnips a constant and moderate supply of moisture and nutrients to ensure a steady and slow growing period. Weed carefully and keep watered.
Cover seeds with compost and/or put a floating row cover over planting to shade the soil and conserve moisture during germination.
Ideal pH level of 6.0-6.8.
Harvesting: The flavour of parsnips improves after a couple of weeks of frosty weather. Dig up parsnips from October 1st through the winter as needed.
Pests and Disease: Carrot rust fly maggots may injure the roots of parsnips.
Protection: Use lightweight row cover to prevent insects from settling and laying eggs. As well, practice crop rotation to prevent soil-borne diseases.